Plunger-pump.



A. C. BAIMBRIDGE.

PLUNGER PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 9. I9Is.

Patented June 27, 1916."

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Il. .///A I. -IIIU r .III II! Amrum III I plunger ALPHAEUS c. BAIMBRIDG, oF oItCUr'r, CALIFORNIA.

PIUNGER-PUMP..

Specification of Letters Patent. Patgnted Jun@ 2, 1916,

Applir'ation led March 9, 1915. 'Serial No. 13,213.

To all 'whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, ALPHAEUS C. BAIM- i BRIDGE, a citizen of the United States, residingI at Orcutt, in the county of Santa lBarbara and State of California, have invented new and useful 'Improvements in Plunger- Pumps,I of which the following is a specification.

This iinvention relates to plunger-pumps designed for use in deepA wells, but'is applicable to any form of plunger-pump'. l

The object of this invention is to provide a pump in which the flow of liquid between the plunger and the barrel will be prevented in a simple and effective manner.

In deep well-pumps, such Aas oil-wells, in which, sand is mixed with the iluid to be pumped, great loss of time, labor and expense resultsy from the wearing away of parts of the pump, by sand which is carrled by the fluid into the space between the and the working barrel, and which necessitates the pulling of the pump and the replacement of worn parts.

The principal object of this invention is to avoid the diiculties above referred to by novel and improved means, whereby a fluid tight seal between the plunger and the working barrel is automatically maintained,

notwithstanding the continuous wear of the arts.

It will be understood that this invention is not limited to thespecific constructlon deworking scribed, but may be embodied in other forms v within the scope of theappended claims.

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional elevation of a pump inplace inside a well casing and constructed in accordance with this invention. Fig. 2 is'an enlarged, sectional view of the plunger and the bushing expansion member. Fig. 3 is a fragmentary view of the bushing showing the expansion member in position. Fig. 4 is a cross-section on line 1-1, Fig. 1.

1 represents the well-casingin which the working barrel 2 is located. A standing valve is'positioned in the lower end of the tubular valve-body 3 provided at its upper end. with a screw threaded neck 4 to receive and engage the valve cage 5 holding the valve' 6 in position. An internal shoulder 7 of said body holds a valve seat 8, on which the valve 6 is seated. The lower end of the valve-body 3 is tapered and adapted to be seated on an inwardly tapered annular rlng prevent the head 14 from jarring loose and vand to force the upper rim 21 of the bushbarrel, said valve comprising the 14 is screwed. Said head 14 comprises a collar 15 screwed. on to the plunger neck 13.4 70

4Centrally located in the head 14 is a circular aperture 16 through which the rod 10 extends, and through which the liquid to be pumped enters the plunger. In order to becoming unscrewed, a locking pin'16 is provided, securely holding the head 14 in place on the plunger. On top of head 14, a circular nut 17 is screwed on the threaded neck 13 of the plunger, said nut providing a seat for the expansible cup-shaped plunger bushing 18. Bushing l18 consists of a cupshaped body, preferably made of steel, and of a size to fit snugly in the working barrel 2. An annular space 18 is formed between the bushing and the plunger. The bottom of said bushing 18 has an aperture 19, of the same diameter as theI external diameter of the plunger 11. Nut 20 screwed on plunger neck 13, above the bushing bottom holds the bushing securely in position. Nuts 17 and 20 form a fluid tight seal between theplunger and bushing. Above the bushing 18 is a tubular mandrel'22 for expanding the upper rim of the bushing l18. Said mandrel 22 is loosely mounted on the plunger 11. Its lower portionis of a frustoconical shape, and adapted to extend for a short distance into the annular space 18',A

ing against the wall of the working barrel 2, forming a close fitting joint or seal as will be hereinafter explained. Said mandrel, like the bushing 18, is constructed of steel, but it isobvious that any other suitable metal may be substituted for either or both of said elements.

In order to reduce the friction between the expansion mandrel, a plurality of annular channels 23 are provided on mandrel 22.*110 Such channels, however, may be omitted in constructing the mandrel. The upper part of the plunger 11 is slightly enlarged, forming an annular shoulder 24 located a short distance above the mandrel. rllhe object of said shoulder iS to limit the upward movement of the expansion mandrel 22. rlhe upper end of plunger is externally threaded, and the valve cage 25 is screwed thereon. 0n the internal shoulder 26 at the upper end of the plunger 11, a valve seat 27 is positioned seating valve 28 of any preferred construction. The upper end of valve-cage 25 is provided with an externally threaded neck 29 to Which the suckerY rod S0-is secured.

The assembling of the various parts and the operation of the pump will be easily understood from the foregoing description. The mandrel 22 is slipped on to the plunger from the lower reduced end until it meets` the shoulder 24, then nut 2O is screwed into place on the lower neck of the plunger; next the cup-shaped bushing 18 is positioned, the bottom 19 being securely held against nut 20 by -nut 17. Rod 10 is inserted and then collar 14 is screwed into place, and securely locked by pin 16.

Operation: `When plunger 11 is reciprovcated, standing valve 6 opens on the upward stroke, and the fluid enters through aperture 16 into the plunger barrel, filling the same, the upper valve 28 remaining seated. 0n

the downward stroke, standing valve 6 closes and upper valve 28 opens. On further operation of the pump the fluid will be lifted to the surface, as will be understood. Owing to the sand present in the fluid to be pumped, there is considerable wear between the working barrel and the plunger, with the result that in a short time the parts of the plunger which contact with the wall ofthe working barrel fitloosely, and a considerable portion of the fluid will leak from the column supported by the upper' valve 28, down below said upper valve, thus greatly impairing the efliciency of the pump. As the leakage increases, it necessitates the pulling of the pump, and replacing the worn parts. The present invention avoids this yobjection in providing automatic means for effecting.

a fluid tight joint or seal, between the wall of the working barrel and the plunger, thus prolonging the life of the pump indefinitely. As the rim 21 of the bushing becomes Worn, the expansion mandrel 22 will force the worn rim outwardly in close contact with the wall of the working barrel. rlhe mandrel is of sufficient weight to gradually and successively expand and force the rim 21 against the wall of the working barrel. The weight of the column of fluid above the plunger assists the mandrel in expanding the bushing 18 as it becomes worn.

.lhe operation of the mandrel is clearly shown in Fig. 3. Shoulder 24 will prevent the mandrel from sticking against the Wall of the barrel. ln the normal operation the mandrel will remain seated with its lower edge within the annular space 18 against the inner upperedge' of the bushing. But it will function satisfactory also when it reciprocates withk the limited movement allowed by the bushing and the shoulder 24. 1When it is desired' to pull the pump the lost motion connection rod 10 between the plunger barrel and standing valve will-pull the latter, the head 12 contacting with the plunger 11, as will be understood. Y

l claim:

1. A plunger-pump comprising a working barrel, a plunger inside said barrel, a standing valve.below said plunger, a lost motion connection between said standingvalve and said plunger, a valve mounted at the upper end of the plunger, means for reciprocating said plunger, a metal cupshaped bushing between said plunger and said barrel, the lower end of said bushing being secured to the plunger and forming a fluid-tight seal therewith, the upper part of said bushing forming an annular cupshaped space with said plunger, a tubular expansion mandrel slidably mounted on said plunger, said mandrel being of frusto-conical shape at its lower end, and adapted to extend for a short distance into said cupshaped a'nnular space, a shoulderon said plunger above the mandrel limiting the upward movement of said mandrel, whereby a fluid-tight seal between said plunger and said barrel is automatically maintained 'during the operation of the pump.

2. A plunger-pump comprising a working barrel, a plunger inside said barrel, a standing valve below said plunger, a valve mounted at the upper end of said plunger, means for reciprocating said, plunger, a metal bushing between said plunger and said barrel, the lower end of said bushing being secured to the plunger and forming a fluidtight seal therewith, a tubular expansion mandrel slidablymounted on said plunger, said mandrel being of frusto-conical shape at its lower end and adapted to expand the upper part of said bushing, whereby a fluidtight seal between said plunger and said barrel is automatically maintained during the operation of the pump.

3. A plunger-pump comprising a Working barrel, a plunger inside said barrel, a

is automatically maintained during the operation of the pump.

4. A plunger-pump comprising a working barrel, a plunger inside said barrel, a standing valve below said plunger, a valve mounted at the upper end of said plunger, means for reciprocating said plunger, a metal bushing between said plunger and said barrel, one end of said bushing being secured to said plunger and forming a Huid-tight seal therewith, an expansion member loosely mounted on said plunger adapted to expand 

